Jarrow, Jarrow Ballast Hills

HER Number:
2265

District:
S Tyneside

Site Name:
Jarrow, Jarrow Ballast Hills

Place:
Jarrow

Map Sheet:
NZ36NW

Class:

Site Type: Broad:

Site Type: Specific:
Ballast Hill

General Period:
Early Modern

Specific Period:
C19

Form of Evidence:
Documentary Evidence

Description:
Jarrow Ballast Hills. Levelled/removed by 1895 as the 2nd edition OS maps show several industrial sites including a dry dock occupying the area covered by this feature. Many ships coming to the Tyne to load coal entered the river 'light' or 'in ballast'. This means that no cargo was being carried. In the absence of cargo, the ballast gives the vessel stability. Ships returning from London coal voyages often carried shingle or chalk as ballast. Sand and other materials were also used. Over the centuries, great hills of ballast grew along both banks of the Tyne. There were substantial ballast hills near Bill Point Walker, Willington Quay, Hebburn, Jarrow and North and South Shields. Ships were charged fees to unload their ballast. By the early 1820s this was about 20p per ton. To avoid the fee some masters resorted to the dangerous act of discharging ballast before entering harbour. One estimate suggests that some 20% of all imported ballast ended up in the river, risking the Tyne silting up.

Easting:
3348

Northing:
6576

Grid Reference:
NZ33486576

Lats/Lons:

Sources:
<< HER 2265 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 3; Dick Keys and Ken Smith, 2005, Tall Ships on the Tyne, p 6