The building of the Pandon Dene Bridge (HER 5768) opened up new land for building. John Dobson designed villas on the west side of the Dene at Picton Place (see HER 1875) and on the east on either side of New Bridge Street semi-detached villas and terraced houses of some architectural quality were built. Ridley Villas, a row of 18 grand houses, were built on land leased from Sir Matthew White Ridley. They probably date from 1823 when Dobson was advertising sites for villas on the north side of New Bridge Street. They may be to Dobson's design. These, along with Dobson's own house, are the sole survivors of this rash of development. A plan of 1854 survives in the Archives for a kitchen extension to the rear of No. 5 Ridley Villas belonging to Mr Sewell. Later plans from 1866 to 1951 catalogue a series of alterations to these properties including the construction of bay windows and alterations to buildings in the gardens (Back Ridley Villas). The plans show a gradual change in use of some of these properties from residential with gardens to commercial with the addition of stores, stables, sheds and warehouses. No. 18 Ridley Villas has a basement - it is assumed that the other properties were cellared as well. A TB Hospital was opened in Nos. 1 and 2 Ridley Villas in 1913. In its first year the hospital dealt with 958 cases. There were 529 deaths from TB that year. By 1963 with around 2140 patients, there were only 13 deaths. As TB declined, the hospital came to be used as a general medical unit until its closure in 1972.
SITEASS
The rear walls along Back New Street are of a variety of periods, all post dating Ridley Villas. There are surviving stone walls along Albert Street. Most of the Villas are now shops or commercial properties. No. 91 New Bridge Street is currently a hostel and is the least altered of the properties.
Site Type: Broad
House
SITEDESC
The building of the Pandon Dene Bridge (HER 5768) opened up new land for building. John Dobson designed villas on the west side of the Dene at Picton Place (see HER 1875) and on the east on either side of New Bridge Street semi-detached villas and terraced houses of some architectural quality were built. Ridley Villas, a row of 18 grand houses, were built on land leased from Sir Matthew White Ridley. They probably date from 1823 when Dobson was advertising sites for villas on the north side of New Bridge Street. They may be to Dobson's design. These, along with Dobson's own house, are the sole survivors of this rash of development. A plan of 1854 survives in the Archives for a kitchen extension to the rear of No. 5 Ridley Villas belonging to Mr Sewell. Later plans from 1866 to 1951 catalogue a series of alterations to these properties including the construction of bay windows and alterations to buildings in the gardens (Back Ridley Villas). The plans show a gradual change in use of some of these properties from residential with gardens to commercial with the addition of stores, stables, sheds and warehouses. No. 18 Ridley Villas has a basement - it is assumed that the other properties were cellared as well. By the late C19 Ridley Villas was increasingly used as business premises as the well-to-do moved out to the suburbs. A TB Hospital was opened in Nos. 1 and 2 Ridley Villas in 1913. In its first year the hospital dealt with 958 cases. There were 529 deaths from TB that year. By 1963 with around 2140 patients, there were only 13 deaths. As TB declined, the hospital came to be used as a general medical unit until its closure in 1972. In 1927 plans by Newcombe and Newcombe were approved to convert two of the houses into the Newcastle Dispensary, which had outgrown its purpose-built building in Nelson Street. The Dispensary was an outpatient service for the poor. Eventually it was absorbed into the NHS. Seven villas (101- 113 New Bridge Street) were demolished in 2010 ahead of the construction of new student accommodation. The original 97 and 99 (NBS) were demolished in the earlier 20th century. An historic buildings recording took place prior to demolition. The recording also incorporated 101 & 109 Back New Bridge Street {6}. A watching brief was also maintained during groundworks at the site in February 2010. This revealed a well underlying the party wall between 113 and 115 NBS (HER 16584). Archaeological evaluation on the site also in 2010 revealed that the site appeared to have been undeveloped prior to the construction of Ridley Villas.
Site Name
New Bridge Street, Ridley Villas
Site Type: Specific
Villa
HER Number
5769
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 5769 >> Tyne and Wear Museums, 2004, Ridley Villas, New Bridge Street, Newcastle, Archaeological Assessment; T. Oliver, map of Newcastle, 1830; T. Faulkner and A. Greg, 1987, John Dobson Newcastle Architect 1787-1865, p 38; Lynn Redhead, 1996, Hospitals; A. Morgan, 1995, Bygone Shieldfield; The Archaeological Practice 2010, 97-113 New Bridge Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, Historic Buildings Recording; The Archaeological Practice Ltd. 2010, 95-113 New Bridge Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Watching Brief; The Archaeological Practice Ltd. 2010, 95-113 New Bridge Street, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Evaluation; RPS Leeds, 2008, New Bridge Street, Newcastle upon Tyne - Archaeological Assessment
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2004
YEAR2
2014
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
13
DAY2
18
District
Newcastle
Easting
425370
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
04
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564520
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Newcastle
Description
The New Bridge was built over Pandon Dene in 1812, by John Reed, mason, after which time the toll road from Newcastle to North Shields was completed (the first act for the construction of the North Shields Turnpike was actually in 1747). MacKenzie described it as a strong handsome structure of three arches, 30 feetin breadth. Oliver's 1830 map shows a toll bar at the junction of New Bridge Street and Pleasant Row. In 1837 the Pandon south of the New Bridge was culverted by Ellison and Buddle and the Dene partially backfilled. The Dene wasn't backfilled to the north of the bridge until the 1850s, at which time demolition of the bridge was considered. However the bridge was still in place in 1885 described only as "a roadway with almost level ground on each side". Road widening was considered by the Council in 1890 and the north side of the bridge was said to have been set back. It is possible that some parts of the structure survived until the Central Motorway was built in the early 1970s. In 1973 it was reported that during works on the new motorway, an abutment of the bridge was found. The remains appeared to be the north side of the west abutment.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
The New Bridge was built over Pandon Dene in 1812, by John Reed, mason, designed by John Stokoe, after which time the toll road from Newcastle to North Shields was completed (the first act for the construction of the North Shields Turnpike was actually in 1747). MacKenzie described it as a strong handsome structure of three arches, 30ft in breadth. Oliver's 1830 map shows a toll bar at the junction of New Bridge Street and Pleasant Row. In 1837 the Pandon south of the New Bridge was culverted by Ellison and Buddle and the Dene partially backfilled. The Dene wasn't backfilled to the north of the bridge until the 1850s, at which time demolition of the bridge was considered. However the bridge was still in place in 1885 described only as "a roadway with almost level ground on each side". Road widening was considered by the Council in 1890 and the north side of the bridge was said to have been set back. It is possible that some parts of the structure survived until the Central Motorway was built in the early 1970s. In 1973 it was reported that during works on the new motorway, an abutment of the bridge was found. The remains appeared to be the north side of the west abutment. The south side had already been removed by contractors. The structure that was left was 3 feet thick and was constructed of large blocks of stone with a rubble fill. The space between the north and south walls of the abutment appeared to have been filled with clay. The abutment was buried under 10 feet of rubble and ashes. Eastward the wall had been cut away. Remains of a roadway or footpath with a large iron gas pipe lay on top of the wall. At the base of the cut away east side, a wedge-shaped block of ashlar was found. This was on the springing of the arch.
Site Name
Pandon New Bridge
Site Type: Specific
Road Bridge
HER Number
5768
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5768 >> Tyne and Wear Museums, 2004, Ridley Villas, New Bridge Street, Newcastle, Archaeological Assessment
R.W. Rennison, 2002, Three Overlooked Bridges in Newcastle, Archaeologia Aeliana, Series 5, Volume XXX, pp 163-171
E. MacKenzie, 1827, Newcastle upon Tyne, pp 214-15
Newcastle Courant, 1817, report of John Reed's death, 20.xii (reported in MacKenzie); T. Faulkner and A. Greg, 1987, John Dobson Newcastle Architect 1787-1865, pp 37 and 38; Denis Peel, 1973, The New Bridge, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Newsbulletin for Northumberland, Cumberland and Westmorland, No. 5, Sept 1973, pages 9-10; painting by John Lumsden, 1821, reproduced in Middlebrook's Newcastle upon Tyne, its growth and achievement, following p. 146
YEAR1
2004
YEAR2
2011
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
13
District
Newcastle
Easting
425520
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
04
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564700
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Shieldfield
Description
A single ropewalk is shown running along the northern edge of the Shieldfield (HER 5471) on Corbridge's map of 1723 and Bourne's map of 1736. Thompson's map of 1746 shows two open-air ropewalks. No ropewalks are shown on Hutton's map of 1770.
Site Type: Broad
Rope Manufacturing Site
SITEDESC
A single ropewalk is shown running along the northern edge of the Shieldfield (HER 5471) on Corbridge's map of 1723 and Bourne's map of 1736. Thompson's map of 1746 shows two open-air ropewalks. No ropewalks are shown on Hutton's map of 1770.
Site Name
Shieldfield, ropery
Site Type: Specific
Ropery
HER Number
5767
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5767 >> Tyne and Wear Museums, 2004, Ridley Villas, New Bridge Street, Newcastle, Archaeological Assessment
Corbridge, 1723
Bourne, 1736
Thompson, 1746
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2004
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Clare Henderson
DAY1
13
DAY2
15
District
N Tyneside
Easting
430214
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ37SW
MONTH1
04
MONTH2
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
572282
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Backworth
Description
Brickfield shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map.
Site Type: Broad
Brick and Tilemaking Site
SITEDESC
Brickfield shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map.
Formal garden for the new Backworth Hall, built in 1780 (HER 5167). Shown on the Tithe Award map of 1844 as gardens belonging to the Duke of Northumberland. The 1st edition Ordnance Survey map shows the walled garden with a complex of paths with trees in-between and several small buildings along the southern and eastern boundary walls.
SITEASS
Only small sections of the walls now survive - a section of old coursed sandstone rubble wall with tooled coping stones along the northern side, and a random stone rubble wall along the southern side including three inserted arched openings in handmade brick. Still used as a market garden in recent times.
Site Type: Broad
Garden
SITEDESC
Formal garden for the new Backworth Hall, built in 1780 (HER 5167). Shown on the Tithe Award map of 1844 as gardens belonging to the Duke of Northumberland. The 1st edition Ordnance Survey map shows the walled garden with a complex of paths with trees in-between and several small buildings along the southern and eastern boundary walls.
Site Name
Backworth Hall, walled garden
Site Type: Specific
Walled Garden
HER Number
5764
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5764 >> G. Brogan, Tyne and Wear Museums, 2004 Former Market Garden, Backworth, North Tyneside Archaeological Assessment
1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1850 map
SURVIVAL
1-19%
YEAR1
2004
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
5177, 4400
DAY1
13
DAY2
28
District
Gateshead
Easting
426040
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MATERIAL
Brick; Sandstone
MONTH1
04
MONTH2
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563890
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Gateshead
Description
Former engineering workshop (South Shore Engineering Works) of C19 date. May originally have been built as part of the New Woolich Works (HER 4400). Lower sections of the walls are of cut sandstone to a height of 2m. Above this are red and yellow bricks in English Garden Wall. Corrugated iron roof with raised portion of the roof, or lantern, extending the full length of the ridge. Arched entranceway. Arched and round windows. Toilet extension added 1917. A single storey warehouse was built in 1961 and a two storey office extension was added in 1962. The interior retains three cast iron pillars supporting a large extraction or ventilation pipe and an observation or control platform. A modern gantry with steel tracks runs along the full width of the building. Not shown on Oliver's map of 1830, but is shown on first edition Ordnance Survey map of 1862 and Reid's map of 1882. On the second edition Ordnance Survey it is known as South Shore Engineering Works. By 1940 it was part of the Kelvin Engineering Works. Demolished 2005. LOCAL LIST
SITEASS
Of some architectural and historic significance.
Site Type: Broad
Engineering Industry Site
SITEDESC
Former engineering workshop (South Shore Engineering Works) of C19 date. May originally have been built as part of the New Woolwich Works (HER 4400). Lower sections of the walls are of cut sandstone to a height of 2m. Above this are red and yellow bricks in English Garden Wall. Corrugated iron roof with raised portion of the roof, or lantern, extending the full length of the ridge. Arched entranceway. Arched and round windows. Toilet extension added 1917. A single storey warehouse was built in 1961 and a two storey office extension was added in 1962. The interior retains three cast iron pillars supporting a large extraction or ventilation pipe and an observation or control platform. A modern gantry with steel tracks runs along the full width of the building. Not shown on Oliver's map of 1830, but is shown on first edition Ordnance Survey map of 1862 and Reid's map of 1882. On the second edition Ordnance Survey it is known as South Shore Engineering Works. By 1940 it was part of the Kelvin Engineering Works. Demolished 2005.
Site Name
South Shore Road, Kelvin Engineering Works
Site Type: Specific
Engineering Workshop
SITE_STAT
Local List
HER Number
5763
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5763 >> Broadway Malyan, 2002, Baltic Quay, South Shore Road, Gateshead, Environmental Impact Assessment, p 244; Tyne and Wear Museums, 2005, Kelvin Works Site, South Shore Road, Gateshead - Archaeological Assessment and Building Recording, Gateshead Local List
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2004
YEAR2
2005
English, British
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Poor
DAY1
13
District
Gateshead
Easting
425890
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
04
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563700
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Gateshead
Description
Disused hotel and public house, built between 1895-1898. Two-storeys, painted brick with a slate roof. Old stone wall to the west.
SITEASS
Of some architectural and historic significance.
Site Type: Broad
Inn
SITEDESC
Disused hotel and public house, built between 1895-1898. Two-storeys, painted brick with a slate roof. Old stone wall to the west.
Site Name
Hawk's Road, The Patent Hammer Inn
Site Type: Specific
Inn
HER Number
5762
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 5762 >> Broadway Malyan, 2002, Baltic Quay, South Shore Road, Gateshead, Environmental Impact Assessment, p 242
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2004
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Fair
Crossref
1305
DAY1
08
District
Newcastle
Easting
419020
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16NE
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
04
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565790
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
West Denton
Description
Buildings are shown on this site on Bell's Plan of Newcastle of 1847. The Ordnance Survey first edition shows West Denton Hall as a rectangular building with central courtyard and garden to the south and woodlands and fields surrounding. Buildings labelled as The Panniers are situated on the opposite bank of the dene and there is a small building and terrace of houses shown as Red Row to the southwest. By 1897 whilst the main core of the Hall is retained, the rest of the complex had been demolished. There are glasshouses in the gardens. Red Row and The Panniers have been demolished. A new lodge had been built at the entrance to the grounds. LOCAL LIST
SITEASS
The building has been substantially altered and twentieth century extensions have been added. Nevertheless this is an attractive building with some decorative features.
Site Type: Broad
House
SITEDESC
Buildings are shown on this site on Bell's Plan of Newcastle of 1847. The Ordnance Survey first edition shows West Denton Hall as a rectangular building with central courtyard and garden to the south and woodlands and fields surrounding. Buildings labelled as The Panniers are situated on the opposite bank of the dene and there is a small building and terrace of houses shown as Red Row to the southwest. By 1897 whilst the main core of the Hall is retained, the rest of the complex had been demolished. There are glasshouses in the gardens. Red Row and The Panniers have been demolished. A new lodge had been built at the entrance to the grounds {1}. Local list entry - A house has been present on the site of West Denton Hall since at least 1628, when the site was under the ownership of the Errington family who also owned East Denton Hall and much land in the area. From the early nineteenth century the site was owned by the Lamb family and in 1948 the Hall was taken over by the Catholic Rescue Society, and homeless children were housed and cared for by the Sisters of Charity. The two storey stone hall has projecting bays at either end of the entrance front, and a projecting one storey flat roofed porch with arches to the front and either side. The rear of the hall has a pre-1920 ground floor extension which is segmental in shape and has a central door and two floor length windows at either side and there are six sash windows at first floor level.
Despite best efforts, information on the age or precise builder of West Denton Hall could not be found.
Site Name
West Denton Hall (St Vincent's Home)
Site Type: Specific
Country House
SITE_STAT
Local List
HER Number
5761
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 5761 >> Archaeological Services University of Durham, 2003, St Vincent's Home, West Denton, Newcastle, Archaeological Desk-top Assessment
John Thomas Bell, 1847, Plan of Newcastle
1859, Plan of West Denton Estate, Northumberland Records Office, (E) 4412/1
1848, Tithe Award, Northumberland Records Office, (E) DT.488M
D. Bond, 1996, Bygone Denton Burn
MH Dodds, 1930, East and West Denton and Sugley Townships Northumberland County History, Vol 13, pp 183-200
Contents of West Denton estate, Northumberland Records Office, (D) ZAN Bell 48/5
Schedule of lands, West Denton, Northumberland Records Office, (D) ZAN Bell 48/6
Sketch 1883, Sketch of West Denton, Northumberland Records Office, (D) 2232/2/28
1766, Valuation of West Denton Estate, Northumberland Records Office, (A) ZBK/C/1/A/b/4
1910, West Denton estate papers 1910-54, Northumberland Records Office, NR1.1245
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2004
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Fair
DAY1
19
District
Newcastle
Easting
426250
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565340
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jesmond
Description
Weir.
Site Type: Broad
Power Generation Site
SITEDESC
Weir.
Site Name
Jesmond Vale, weir
Site Type: Specific
Weir
HER Number
5760
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5760 >> Pers. Comm. Jesmond Dene Rangers, 2004