English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1186
DAY1
01
DAY2
07
District
Newcastle
Easting
2829
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
09
MONTH2
07
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 26 SE 369
Northing
6572
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Walker
Description
Walker Station on the North Eastern Railway's Tynemouth Branch. Opened on 18th June 1839.
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
Walker Station on the North Eastern Railway's Tynemouth Branch. Opened on 18th June 1839.
Site Name
Walker Station
Site Type: Specific
Railway Station
HER Number
4183
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4183 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98; Walkergate Education Pack
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
1191
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
2833
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
6568
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Walker
Description
Walker Turnpike toll house and gate on the Newcastle to North Shields Road appears on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan of the area but is not shown on the 2nd edition plan, indicating that it was out of use by 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
Walker Turnpike toll house and gate on the Newcastle to North Shields Road. It is not shown on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1895.
Site Name
Walker Turnpike Toll House
Site Type: Specific
Toll House
HER Number
4182
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4182 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
01
DAY2
27
District
Newcastle
Easting
2839
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
09
MONTH2
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
6593
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Walker
Description
A detailed plan (TWAS D/NCP/19/3) of the workings of Walker Colliery drawn after 1796 includes the Henry Pit and graphically shows that intensive pillar and stall workings extended under the site now occupied by Walkergate Hospital. In the early19th century Walker Colliery had 10 pits working, including Henry Pit. As early as 1817 it was reported that Henry Pit was close to exhaustion. It was disused by 1843 and is marked as such on the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey plan.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Henry Pit. This is marked as Disused on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1895. A detailed plan (TWAS D/NCP/19/3) of the workings of Walker Colliery drawn after 1796 shows the Henry Pit and graphically shows that intensive pillar and stall workings extended under the site now occupied by Walkergate Hospital. In the early19th century Walker Colliery had 10 pits working, including Henry Pit. As early as 1817 it was reported that Henry Pit was close to exhaustion. It was disused by 1843.
Site Name
Henry Pit
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
4181
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4181 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2003, Walkergate Hospital, Benfield Road, Newcastle, Desk Based Assessment
Tyne and Wear Archive Service, Plan - ref. C188 of Walker Colliery, D/NCP/19/3
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2003
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
4179, 1127, 1128
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
2812
EASTING2
2834
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
6811
NORTHING2
6779
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Benton
Description
The line of a probable old wagonway is shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan. This may have been part of the original line of the Bigges Main wagonway (HER ref. 1128).
Site Type: Broad
Tramway Transport Site
SITEDESC
The line of a probable old wagonway, shown on the 1st edition OS mapping. This may have been part of the original line of the Bigges Main wagonway, (SMR 1128).
Site Name
Little Benton, Wagonway ?
Site Type: Specific
Wagonway
HER Number
4180
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4180 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1865, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 89
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
4180, 16163
DAY1
01
DAY2
19
District
Newcastle
Easting
2807
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
09
MONTH2
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
6816
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Benton
Description
Billy Pit (Coal). The William Pit had been sunk by 1st May 1802. Tha land on which the pit was sunk belonged to Sit Thomas Henry Liddell and partners and was called 'Low Henry's Well'. The field was leased by Matthew Bell and partners, owners of the Willington Colliery, at £60 per year. From the outset the William Pit used the Bigges Main Waggonway to transport coal to the staithes at Wallsend. In 1803, 18,378 chaldrons were carried from William Pit along the waggonway. Production at the William Pit during the early 19th century provided 80% of the coal produced by Willington Colliery. The pit is recorded as being 154m deep reaching the High Main Seam. The 1842 tithe plan shows one pithead building presumably the engine house. It does not show other associated features which would have been present at the time e.g. horse gins and sinding gear. The pit ceased production in 1843. Following the closure of the pit the shaft was retained as an air shaft. The shaft entrance was surrounded by a 6 foot high brick wall. A substantial spoil heap at William Pit is illustrated on the 1859 First Edition Ordnance Survey plan. This plan also shows that the pithead structures had already been demolished by this date. The shaft was filled in in 1960 and capped with concrete in 1970. An evaluation in 2013 revealed that the majority of colliery structures and waste heap appear to have been removed prior to unofficial use as a tip during the 1970s and 80s.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Billy Pit (Coal). The William Pit had been sunk by 1st May 1802. Tha land on which the pit was sunk belonged to Sit Thomas Henry Liddell and partners and was called 'Low Henry's Well'. The field was leased by Matthew Bell and partners, owners of the Willington Colliery, at £60 per year. From the outset the William Pit used the Bigges Main Waggonway to transport coal to the staithes at Wallsend. In 1803, 18,378 chaldrons were carried from William Pit along the waggonway. Production at the William Pit during the early 19th century provided 80% of the coal produced by Willington Colliery. The pit is recorded as being 154m deep reaching the High Main Seam. The 1842 tithe plan shows one pithead building presumably the engine house. It does not show other associated features which would have been present at the time e.g. horse gins and sinding gear. The pit ceased production in 1843. Following the closure of the pit the shaft was retained as an air shaft. The shaft entrance was surrounded by a 6 foot high brick wall. A substantial spoil heap at William Pit is illustrated on the 1859 First Edition Ordnance Survey plan. This plan also shows that the pithead structures had already been demolished by this date. The shaft was filled in in 1960 and capped with concrete in 1970. An evaluation in 2013 revealed that the majority of colliery structures and waste heap appear to have been removed prior to unofficial use as a tip during the 1970s and 80s.
Site Name
Little Benton, William or Billy Pit
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
4179
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4179 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1865, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 89; W.G. Elliott, Bygone Days of Longbenton, Benton, Forest Hall, West Moor, Killingworth, Palmersville and Benton Square, Book Two, p 31; W.G. Elliott and Edwin Smith, Bygone Days of Longbenton, Benton, Forest Hall, West Moor and Killingworth, pp 40-41; Northern Archaeological Associates, 2013, Billy Pit Colliery, Longbenton, North Tyneside, Archaeological Evaluation; Northern Archaeological Associates, 2013, Billy Pit Colliery, Longbenton, North Tyneside, Archaeological Assessment
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
2689
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
6362
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Byker
Description
St Peter's Saw Mill appears on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map but not on the 2nd edition, indicating that it was probably out of use by 1895.
SITEASS
Saw mills replaced saw pits, and were water powered at first. Mechanised sawing was by frame saws which imitated the action of the old sawpit using straight rip saws. Later circular saws came into use (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology).
Site Type: Broad
Wood Processing Site
SITEDESC
St Peter's Saw Mill. This is not shown on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so was probably out of use by 1895.
Site Name
St Peter's Saw Mill
Site Type: Specific
Saw Mill
HER Number
4178
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4178 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
4176
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
2715
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
6413
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Byker
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows the position of an Engine House at this location.
Site Type: Broad
Power Generation Site
SITEDESC
An Engine House.
Site Name
Byker, Engine House
Site Type: Specific
Engine House
HER Number
4177
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4177 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
4177
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
2724
EASTING2
2713
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
6447
NORTHING2
6367
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Byker
Description
The full extent of this Wagonway is unclear from the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map. It is not shown on the 2nd edition, indicating that it was probably out of use by 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Tramway Transport Site
SITEDESC
A Wagonway. Its full extents are unclear on the 1st edition OS mapping, due to the poor quality of copying. It was probably out of use by 1895, as it is not shown on the 2nd edition OS mapping. Served Lawson Main Pit. Shown on William Casson's map of 1805.
Site Name
Byker, Wagonway
Site Type: Specific
Wagonway
HER Number
4176
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4176 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
2770
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
6359
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Byker
Description
Dents Hole Quarry is marked as ‘Old’ on the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map, indicating that it was probably out of use by 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Dents Hole Quarry. Marked as Old on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1895.
Site Name
Dents Hole Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Quarry
HER Number
4175
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4175 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
4342
DAY1
05
DAY2
10
District
Newcastle
Easting
2752
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
09
MONTH2
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
6353
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Byker
Description
There was an operational shipyard at St. Peter’s by the 1750s, owned and run by William Rowe. In 1804, 61 shipwrights (including 34 apprentices) worked at the yard and in that year, the largest graving dock on the Tyne was constructed there, capable of holding vessels with a draught of 12 feet. During the Napoleonic Wars, 12 vessels were constructed at the yard for the Admiralty. In 1810, the St. Peter’s yard was sold to the Smiths. It became the largest yard on the river over the first half of the century. In 1851, the Smiths installed two large covered building berths, the first such structures on the Tyne. They were designed, and their fabrication at the yard supervised, by the Glasgow engineering firm Bell and Miller. In one of the berths was constructed the largest wooden vessel ever produced on the river, the 2,500 ton, 245 feet long warship Carlo Alberta. The 1st edition Ordnance Survey map shows Smith’s yard subsequent to the construction of the two building berths. The map also shows the large graving dock to the west of the covered berths, presumably the dock constructed in 1804. Rail lines link the covered berths, the dock and buildings beyond. The yard appears to be interrupted some way to the west of the dock by a chemical works, beyond which is a range of building slips, presumably within the same yard. By the 1860s, the St. Peter’s Yard was less significant to the company and in 1871was sold to R & W Hawthorn, who developed the site as a marine engineering works under the management of Francis Carr Marshall. Fitting out the yard cost Hawthorn’s £27,146. This included the cost of a massive pair of shearlegs set up on the fitting out quay, where engines were installed. In 1886, R&W Hawthorn, Leslie and Co. was formed as a limited liability company. On the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map the graving dock and the covered berths had been replaced by substantial structures which take up the middle portion of the yard. Cranes lie along the western half of the rationalised quayside. The rectilinear area on the western edge of the yard contains building slips, one angled obliquely to launch downriver. The 3rd edition Ordnance Survey map of 1921shows the yard expanded to the north-west, with no remaining evidence for slipways in the old western area of the yard along the riverside. By 1907, Hawthorn’s St. Peter’s Works had radically converted its production capabilities to meet Royal Navy requirements for steam turbines. In 1977, the (now styled) Hawthorn, Leslie (Engineers) Ltd. became a member of British Shipbuilders. Later, the yard merged with George Clark & NEM Ltd to form Clark Hawthorn Ltd. The yard continued to build engines up until the 1980s when it was reformed as Clark Kincaid, a crane manufactory. The yard has been demolished and the site now lies within the St Peter’s Basin residential development which includes a substantial marina.
SITEASS
The yard has been demolished and the site now lies within the St Peter’s Basin residential development which includes a substantial marina. There is little evidence for the previous use of the site.
Site Type: Broad
Dock and Harbour Installation
SITEDESC
St Peter's Dock. The site is occupied by St Peter's Works on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so the dock was probably out of use by 1895 {2}. There was an operational shipyard at St. Peter’s by the 1750s, owned and run by William Rowe. In 1804, 61 shipwrights (including 34 apprentices) worked at the yard (Clarke 1997, 29 vol. 1). In the same year, the largest graving dock on the Tyne was constructed at the yard, capable of holding vessels with a draught of 12 feet. During the Napoleonic Wars, 12 vessels were constructed at the yard for the Admiralty.
In 1810, the St. Peter’s yard was sold to the Smiths. It became the largest yard on the river over the first half of the century. In 1851, the Smiths installed two large covered building berths (Clarke 1997, 116 vol. 1), the first such structures on the Tyne. They were designed, and their fabrication at the yard supervised, by the Glasgow engineering firm Bell and Miller. In one of the berths was constructed the largest wooden vessel ever produced on the river, the warship Carlo Alberta. This was a three deck, 50 gun vessel for the Sardinian Government. It was 245 feet long and had a displacement of 2,500 tons.
By the 1850s, the Smiths began to develop their North Shields yard on the Limekiln Shore as their chief ship construction centre, and by the 1860s, the St. Peter’s Yard was less significant to the company. In 1871, the yard was sold to R & W Hawthorn (who had founded an engineering company at Forth Banks in Gateshead in 1817) and the site was developed as a marine engineering works, under the management of Francis Carr Marshall. Fitting out the yard cost Hawthorn’s £27,146. This included the cost of a massive pair of shearlegs set up on the fitting out quay, where engines were installed. Many very large triple-expansion engines were built at the yard, many of which were installed in vessels constructed at Charles Mitchell’s Low Walker Yard
In 1886, R&W Hawthorn, Leslie and Co. was formed as a limited liability company as a result of the retirement of Andrew Leslie from his Hebburn shipbuilding yard who had previously been a major client for engines from the St. Peter’s Yard (Leslie had ordered 33 out of a total of 78 engines to power his ships from Hawthorns between 1860 and 1870).
St. Peter’s Engine Works and Palmer’s Works shared the honours for construction and installation of the last triple expansion engines into Royal Navy vessels. Hawthorn’s vessel was the Beardmore constructed HMS Agamemnon. By 1907, Hawthorn’s St. Peter’s Works had radically converted its production capabilities to meet Royal Navy requirements for steam turbines (Clarke 1997, 37, vol 2). In that year, the yard built and installed the turbines for HMS Ghurka. Over the rest of the century, the works production included Doxford, Sulzer and Werkspoor diesel engines.
In 1977, the (now styled) Hawthorn, Leslie (Engineers) Ltd. became a member company of British Shipbuilders. Later, the yard merged with George Clark & NEM Ltd to form Clark Hawthorn Ltd. The yard continued to build engines up until the 1980s when it was reformed as Clark Kincaid, a crane manufactory.
Map Evidence
First Edition Twenty Five Inches to One Mile Ordnance Survey 1855, Sheet XCVII, 8
Shows Smiths yard subsequent to the construction of the two building berths in 1851. The map also shows the large graving dock to the west of the covered berths, presumably the dock constructed in 1804. Rail lines link the covered berths, the dock and buildings beyond. The yard appears to be interrupted some way to the west of the dock by a chemical works, beyond which is a range of building slips, presumably within the same yard. Rose House–the property and dwelling of the previous owners of the yard, the Row or Rowe family (it is annotated as Rowe’s House on later editions of the Ordnance Survey), lies immediately to the north-west of the yard.
Second Edition Twenty Five Inches to One Mile Ordnance Survey 1897, Sheets 13 and 19.
The site is described as ‘St Peter’s Works Engineering and Shipbuilding’. The graving dock and the covered berths have now gone, replaced by substantial structures which take up the middle portion of the yard. Cranes lie along the western half of the rationalised quayside Rowe’s House survives to the north-west of the yard. The rectilinear area on the western edge of the yard contains building slips, one angled obliquely to launch downriver.
Third Edition Twenty Five Inches to One Mile Ordnance Survey 1921, Sheet XCV, 13
The yard has expanded to the north-west and significant new buildings have been constructed in this area. Rowe’s House has gone as has any evidence for slipways in the old western area of the yard along the riverside.
Fourth Edition Six Inches to One Mile Ordnance Survey 1938, Sheet XCV, SW
Very similar appearance to that shown on the Third Edition Survey {3}.
Site Name
St Peter's Shipbuilding Yard and Engine Works
Site Type: Specific
Dock
HER Number
4174
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4174 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
The Archaeological Practice, 2002, Shipbuilding on Tyne and Wear - Prehistory to Present. Tyne & Wear Historic Environment Record.
J.F. Clarke, 1979, Power on Land and Sea - A History of R & W Hawthorn Leslie and Co Ltd
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2002